Mechanisms underpinning flourishing at the interface of humans and other natural entities: A systematic abductive umbrella review

As social and environmental challenges grow, there is increasing interest the connection between human and ecological flourishing. The E-Co-Flourishing approach offers a framework for understanding this relationship, but key mechanisms remain unclear.

This systematic review examines mechanisms underpinning flourishing at the interface of humans and other natural entities, synthesising evidence from across diverse disciplines.

Findings revealed limited empirical evidence, with most studies focussing on how nature benefits humans rather than bidirectional relationships. Identified mechanisms align with theorized E-Co-Flourishing domains: psychological (e.g., attention restoration); social (e.g., social cohesion); physical (e.g., physical activity); and environmental (e.g., air pollution, noise, safety).

However, methodological heterogeneities and low adherence to quality assessments limit generalisations. This review summarises both theoretical and empirical gaps, laying the groundwork for future work that can further interrogate potential mechanisms.